基本结构示例 The book whose cover is red
is my favorite.
(封面是红色的那本书是我的最爱)
关系代词引导
The man who lives next dooris my neighbor.
(住在隔壁的那个男人是我的邻居)
关系副词引导
The city where I was bornis now a bustling metropolis.
(我出生的那个城市现在是一个繁忙的大都市)
介词+关系代词
The song of which we sangat the concert was amazing.
(我们在音乐会上唱的那首歌太棒了)
不定代词+关系代词
The problem that you mentionedis very important.
(你提到的那个问题非常重要)
形容词最高级+关系代词
The tallest which treein the park is a redwood.
(公园里最高的树是一棵红杉)
先行词为物
The movie that we watched last nightwas a thriller.
(我们昨晚看的那部电影是惊悚片)
先行词为人
The student whom the teacher praisedreceived an award.
(被老师表扬的那个学生获得了奖项)
省略关系代词
The letter that arrived todayis from my friend.
(今天收到的那封信来自我的朋友)
复杂结构示例
The company in which my father workedis now a global corporation.
(我父亲曾工作的那家公司现在是一家跨国公司)
注意事项:
限制性定语从句通常由that、which、who、whom、whose、when、where等引导,且从句与主句之间无逗号隔开;
当关系代词在从句中作宾语时,可省略(如:The book which I bought is interesting → The book I bought is interesting);
特殊情况:当先行词被序数词、形容词最高级或不定代词修饰时,关系代词只能用that。